西藏墨竹工卡积雪时空分布特征分析

利用MODIS10A2积雪产品数据（2001～2013年）对西藏墨竹工卡县积雪的时间变化及其空间分布特征进行分析,结果表明,西藏墨竹工卡地区墨竹工卡98.62％的区域积雪持续日数是不超过180d;积雪随着海拔升高,持续天数也在增加;积雪覆盖率年际变化趋势不明显,但季节性差异大.     

湄潭县2020年辣椒密度试验

湄潭辣椒种植历史悠久,常年种植面积13 333 hm²,尤其以圆形椒（泡椒品种）种植为特色,为了稳定湄潭黔北优质泡椒基地的地位,加快辣椒产业化建设步伐,特引进黔辣10号（圆形椒杂交种）优质品种,并研究不同密度下其生育性状、经济性状、产量性状的变化。结果表明,黔辣10号种植密度在3 000株/667 m²时,单株结果数47个,产量为1 765.35 kg/667 m²,表现良好。建议黔北海拔700～900 m区域,黔辣10号种植密度为3 000株/667 m²。     

玉米Mutator转座子结构特征和基因克隆的研究进展

Mutator（Mu）转座子是已发现的植物中转座活性最强的转座子,其较高的转座频率以及趋向于插入单拷贝功能基因转座的特性,使其成为构建玉米突变体库的一个主要方法。当前玉米B73品系基因组测序已经基本完成,利用反向遗传学方法,研究玉米基因的功能更为方便。文中简要介绍Mu转座子的结构特征以及Mu的分类,介绍3种克隆Mu转座子标签插入位点侧翼序列的技术,对Mu研究所存在的问题进行分析,展望Mu的应用。     

两个红梨品种花色苷合成相关基因及转录因子MYB10表达模式分析

为研究不同红色梨品种着色差异的原因,以西洋梨品种红星和砂梨品种满天红为试材,通过荧光定量PCR方法,分析果皮中花色苷合成基因PAL、CHS、CHI、F3H、DFR、ANS、F3GT和转录因子MYB10基因在果实不同发育期的转录特性。结果表明,在红星中除PAL外,花色苷合成基因表达量与果皮花色苷含量变化一致,先升高后降低;在满天红中,PAL和F3GT在果实转色期表达量最高,其他基因表达量随果实发育而下降。转录因子MYB10在红星整个果实发育期表达水平都很低,在满天红转色期呈现峰值,且表达量是红星的50倍以上。红星着色程度可能由多个基因协同作用,而满天红着色可能受关键基因F3GT的影响,MYB10可能通过调控F3GT的表达从而调控满天红的着色。     

Cracking the Cytotoxicity Code: Apoptotic Induction of 10-Acetylirciformonin B is Mediated through ROS Generation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

A marine furanoterpenoid derivative, 10-acetylirciformonin B (10AB), was found to inhibit the proliferation of leukemia, hepatoma, and colon cancer cell lines, with selective and significant potency against leukemia cells. It induced DNA damage and apoptosis in leukemia HL 60 cells. To fully understand the mechanism behind the 10AB apoptotic induction against HL 60 cells, we extended our previous findings and further explored the precise molecular targets of 10AB. We found that the use of 10AB increased apoptosis by 8.9%–87.6% and caused disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by 15.2%–95.2% in a dose-dependent manner, as demonstrated by annexin-V/PI and JC-1 staining assays, respectively. Moreover, our findings indicated that the pretreatment of HL 60 cells with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, diminished MMP disruption and apoptosis induced by 10AB, suggesting that ROS overproduction plays a crucial rule in the cytotoxic activity of 10AB. The results of a cell-free system assay indicated that 10AB could act as a topoisomerase catalytic inhibitor through the inhibition of topoisomerase IIα. On the protein level, the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and Bcl-2, caspase inhibitors XIAP and survivin, as well as hexokinase II were inhibited by the use of 10AB. On the other hand, the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased after 10AB treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that 10AB-induced apoptosis is mediated through the overproduction of ROS and the disruption of mitochondrial metabolism.     

玉米Mutator转座子

Mutator转座子因其拷贝数高、正向突变频率高、倾向于插入低拷贝的DNA序列等独特的遗传特性，已成为基因组学研究中重要的诱变剂之一。本文对Mutator转座子的发现、Mutator家族的分类、Mutator转座子的特性、Mutator元件的表观调控、Mutator转座子标签在植物基因组学研究中的应用作了综述。对Mutator系统的研究进行了展望。     

Elucidation of the sex pheromone system of the potato tuberworm moth,Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera,Gelechiidae): a short review

Summary Recent research, reviewed here, of the pheromone system of the potato tuberworm moth has led to the isolation, identification, and synthesis of its components.trans-4,cis-7-tridecadien-l-ol acetate (PTM 1) andtrans-4,cis-7,cis-10-tridecatrien-l-ol acetate (PTM 2), mixtures of which are much more attractive in the field than 2 virgin female moths or each compound on its own.     

10%单嘧磺隆对麦田阔叶杂草的防效及后茬复种作物的影响

通过10%单嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂田间喷雾试验表明,其对小麦、玉米的出苗和生长发育均无不良影响,但严重阻碍复种和后茬油菜等双子叶作物的出苗和生长发育,生产上应避免在10%单嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂施药田复种或后茬种植双子叶作物.同时表明对春小麦田阔叶杂草有较好的防除效果,优于目前生产上常用药剂10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂,且对小麦、玉米安全,具有推广应用前景.建议用药时间为小麦3叶1心、杂草2叶1心期,用药量为225 g/hm2对水900 L.     

淀粉接枝聚丙烯酸钠高吸水树脂的电子束法制备及结构表征

本文将电子束辐照技术和功能材料制备技术相结合,采用10 Me V电子束辐照法引发糊化的木薯淀粉与部分中和的丙烯酸单体进行接枝共聚反应,并采用N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,制备出一种淀粉接枝聚丙烯酸钠系高吸水树脂,并通过红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术对木薯淀粉和共聚产物的官能团结构和表面形态进行验证。采用正交试验设计方法分析单体/淀粉比、辐照剂量、交联剂/单体比以及单体中和度对该反应接枝参数以及吸水性能的影响,4种因素的变化均可引起共聚产物的吸水能力变化,影响显著性次序为:单体中和度单体/淀粉比交联剂/单体比辐照剂量。获得最佳吸水性能的反应条件为:AA/St=3.5 g·g-1,MBA/AA=5 mmol·mol-1,辐照剂量D=6k Gy,中和度为70%,上述条件下获得共聚产物的吸水倍数为435 g·g-1。本文为采用电子束法制备高吸水材料提供了科学依据与技术支持。     

中浙优10号作烟后稻种植表现及主要栽培技术

引进三系中籼杂交稻中浙优10号在南平市延平区作烟后稻试种,综合性状表现好且高产稳产。针对中浙优10号品种特性和烟后茬的特点提出配套高产栽培技术。